Abstract Proximal composition, dietary minerals, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AC) were quantified in Black Borgoña (BBGP) and Quebranta grapes pomace (QGP) from Chincha and Ica (Peru). TPC and AC of grapes seeds and oil were also investigated, as quality and fatty acids of the oil. The highest amount of protein was for QGP (Chincha) (13.29 ± 0.01 g/100 g dw) and lipids in BBGP (Ica) (13.67 ± 0.01 g/100 g dw). Fe in QGP (Chincha) (61.46 ± 2.76 mg/100 g dw) and Ca in BBGP (Ica) (424.24 ± 13.35 mg/100 g dw) were higher than in the other samples. The most abundant fatty acid was linoleic with 71.70 ± 0.01% in Black Borgoña grape seed oil (BBGSO) (Chincha). Highest TPC corresponded to Quebranta grape seeds (QGS) (Ica) (14.43 ± 0.75 mg GAE/100 g dw). The highest AC by DPPH and FRAP was achieved by QGS (Chincha) (1255.39 ± 61.45 µmol TE/g dw) and QGS (Ica) (960.77 ± 56.68 µmol TE/g dw), respectively. Differences in AC by ABTS for grape seed oil were not significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, BBGP and QGP, seeds and oil showed an enormous potential for their application as functional additives in the food industry.

Abstract Pisco is a distillate of cultural and economic importance for Peru, made from heterogeneous vine varieties called "pisqueras", covered by a Pisco Denomination of Origin legislation. The aim was to confirm the varietal identity of eight accessions conserved in the Germplasm Collection of the Centre for Productive Innovation and Technology Transfer Agroindustrial Ica (CITEagroindustrial), using 9 standardized microsatellite loci (SSR) and 14 morphological descriptors according to the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) to identify grapevine varieties. The SSR molecular profiles of 7 accessions were identified as varieties registered in the Vitis International Variety Catalog (VIVC) and only one had no association. Of these, Mollar, Albilla, Italia, Quebranta and Uvina accessions, were associated with Mollar Cano (VIVC 7901), Palomino Fino (VIVC 8888), Muscat of Alexandria (VIVC 8241), Quebranta (VIVC 9840) and Jacquez (VIVC 5627), respectively. The SSR profile of the Torontel accession was not associated with any variety registered in the VIVC and the Negra Criolla and Moscatel accessions were associated with the Spanish variety Listan Prieto (VIVC 6860). According to the ampelographic observations, it was determined that Moscatel presented phenotypic variations with respect to Negra Criolla, although at the molecular level it was perfectly associated with Listan Prieto, indicating that it would be a clonal variation. In addition, 7 variables were discriminant to identify the accessions evaluated. The molecular and ampelographic analysis allowed to clarify the varietal identity of the accessions conserved at CITEagroindustrial, Ica, which plays a preponderant role as a reference regarding the identification of the varieties used for the elaboration of Pisco in Peru.

Resumen El Pisco es un destilado de importancia cultural y económica para el Perú, elaborado con variedades de vid heterogéneas denominadas “pisqueras”, abarcadas en una legislación de Denominación de Origen Pisco. El objetivo fue confirmar la identidad varietal de ocho accesiones conservadas en la Colección de Germoplasma del Centro de Innovación Productiva y Transferencia Tecnológica Agroindustrial Ica (CITEagroindustrial), usando 9 loci microsatélites (SSR) estandarizados y 14 descriptores morfológicos según la Organización Internacional de la vid y el vino (OIV) para identificar variedades de vid. Los perfiles moleculares SSR de 7 accesiones se identificaron como variedades registradas en la Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) y solo una no tuvo asociación. De ellas, las accesiones correspondientes a Mollar, Albilla, Italia, Quebranta y Uvina se asociaron a las variedades Mollar Cano (VIVC 7901), Palomino Fino (VIVC 8888), Moscatel de Alejandría (VIVC 8241), Quebranta (VIVC 9840) y Jacquez (VIVC 5627), respectivamente. El perfil SSR de la accesión Torontel no se asoció a ninguna variedad registrada en la VIVC y las accesiones Negra Criolla y Moscatel se asociaron a la variedad española Listan Prieto (VIVC 6860). De acuerdo a las observaciones ampelográficas se determinó que Moscatel presentó variaciones fenotípicas respecto a Negra Criolla pese que a nivel molecular se asoció perfectamente a Listan Prieto, indicando que sería una variación clonal. Además, 7 variables fueron discriminantes para identificar las accesiones evaluadas. El análisis molecular y ampelográfico permitió esclarecer la identidad varietal de las accesiones conservadas en el CITEagroindustrial, Ica, la cual juega un rol preponderante como referente en cuanto a la identificación de las variedades empleadas para la elaboración de Pisco en Perú.

ABSTRACT Pisco, Drink Flag of Peru, goes back along all the Peruvian vitivinícola history and takes place in the coast of the departments of Lima, Ica, Arequipa, Moquegua and Tacna. Favored by the semi-desert climate and the optimum conditions for the vine’s vegetative cycle; Ica, concentrates the largest number of areas where pisco grapes are grown, and the largest production of Pisco, representing a significant percentage of the regional economy. This activity is quite traditional and therefore a mixed investigation was carried out, with the objective of characterizing and typifying the vine-producing farms for Pisco, based on ten components, conducting a survey of the members of the Association of Pisco and Wine Producers. of Ica. The methodology included documentary review, observation, interviews and surveys to the members of the association. The result of the typing, groups the participating farms into two groups. Group one, composed of two farms and group two, composed of 14 farms. The characterization of the farms coincides for both groups in the familiar components, associativity, technology, management, training and problems that occur in the vineyard and Pisco. It differs in both groups in the social, associative, economic, and natural resources components. This information in detail turns out to be useful, for the producers of Pisco, of grape, of vine plants, for commerce, for the state and academic community in general.

RESUMEN El Pisco, Bebida Bandera de Perú, se remonta a lo largo de toda la historia vitivinícola peruana y se produce en la costa de los departamentos de Lima, Ica, Arequipa, Moquegua y Tacna. Favorecidos por el clima semidesértico y las condiciones óptimas para el ciclo vegetativo de la vid, Ica concentra el mayor número de áreas donde se cultiva la uva pisquera, y la mayor producción de Pisco, representando un porcentaje importante de la economía regional. Esta actividad es bastante tradicional y por ello se realizó una investigación mixta, con el objetivo de caracterizar y tipificar las fincas productoras de vid para Pisco, con base en diez componentes. Se hizo una encuesta a los integrantes de la Asociación de Productores de Piscos y Vinos de Ica. La metodología incluyó revisión documental, observación, entrevistas y encuestas a los integrantes de la asociación. Como resultado de la tipificación, se clasifican las fincas participantes en dos grupos. El grupo uno, compuesto por dos fincas y el grupo dos, compuesto por 14. La caracterización de las fincas coincide para ambos grupos en los componentes familiar, asociatividad, tecnología, gestión, capacitación y problemática que afecta al viñedo y al Pisco. Difiere en ambos grupos en los componentes sociales, asociatividad, económico, recursos naturales. Esta información en detalle resulta útil para los productores de Pisco, de uva, de plantas de vid, para el comercio, para el Estado y comunidad académica en general.